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Acetonitrile, is an organic compound, chemical formula CH3CN or C2H3N, is a colorless transparent liquid, has excellent solvent properties, can dissolve a variety of organic, inorganic and gaseous substances, and water and alcohol infinite mutual solubility. Acetonitrile can produce typical nitrile reactions and is used to prepare many typical nitrogen-containing compounds, which is an important organic intermediate.
Acetonitrile has recently been used as an organic modifier and solvent for thin layer chromatography, paper chromatography, spectroscopy and polarography. Since high-purity acetonitrile does not absorb ultraviolet light at 200nm to 400nm, one application being developed is as a solvent for high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC, which can achieve analytical sensitivity as high as 10-9.
Acetonitrile is a widely used solvent, mainly as the solvent of extractive distillation, separation of butadiene from C4 hydrocarbons. Acetonitrile is also used for the separation of other hydrocarbons, such as propylene, isoprene and methylacetylene from hydrocarbon fractions. Acetonitrile is also used for some special separation, such as the extraction and separation of fatty acids from vegetable oil and cod liver oil, so that the treated oil is light, pure, and the smell is improved, while the vitamin content is unchanged. In the pharmaceutical, pesticide, textile, plastics sector, also widely used as solvent acetonitrile.
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